Mainstream and Niche Audiences

Mainstream; X-Factor 

The x-factor IVT1 at 7:00pm, this is so the target audience of younger people and an older audience are    able to watch it, the idea of x-factor being a mainstream program is shown by the advertisements and sponsors of the show, this all contribute to x-factor being a mainstream program. other reasons to suggest  that x-factor is a mainstream program are that the production values are higher than a lot of programs, we identify this with the excessive lighting, place in which it is filmed in (audience in studio), the staging and amount of crew and it has well known people who present, or take part into the program. 

A use of this mainstream program also allows the public to get involved by phoning in and giving a vote, this allows the audience to feel apart of the program, this is a feature of the mainstream programs, these kind of programs also give the idea of escapism, and relaxing in which is a gratification of the program, we also can identify with the people in which take part in the program, this is classed as social integration, this gives us an insight into the circumstances of others and allows us to relate to there own issues and compare with our own.

The idea of the contestants shown in there everyday life is also a use and gratification gives the mass audience something to relate to, this could be because they do a certain job or are living in a certain way. X-Factor cultivates an audience, by winning and engaging them throughout the week, X-Facors creates an audience that will get attached to a  particular contestant. 

Niche; 

Road Wars is a program in which is aimed at certain audience, this is an older audience who will not be offended by the swearing, drug use and violence which is shown to the public. This programme is shown on TV stations such as sky one and pick TV, these stations are particularly used to show a certain area or topic, by doing this it allows them to have an area of interest and attract certain people who are interest.  

Male Gaze and Stereotypes - James Bond, Die Another Day

The opening to the scene shows a panning shot of the place, this sets the scene and gives the idea we are in a majestic and secluded place, it is slow moving so it allows us to get a better view of where this Bond film is set.  The camera shots in this scene are mostly zoom shots, the zoom shot that we see is when the Bond girl is in the water about to get out, we see this through the male eyes and creates the male gaze in which Mulvey talks about, as the bond girl is a bikini and is sexualised, we see her theory coming into play at women are there to please the male audiences. However, Richard Dyer's theory overrides Mulveys theory, we see that when the bond girl has a very active role in the sequence, and creates the illusion that the man is being objectified by her confidence and dominance in the narrative, we see that he tries to resist the male gaze by looking away at other people are diverting away from the idea of the male gaze.
The camera shots also show that when either one of the two, depending on whoever is speaking, either character will be blurred out/unfocused so we as an audience can concentrate on whoever is speaking and who has the mist power within the conversation.

The sound within the scene is non-digetic, and a largo tempo, this is show and emphasise the sexual tension between the two, the use of this music also plays a part in setting the scene...

American Beauty - Male Gaze Analysis

In the film american beauty Laura Mulveys theory of visual pleasure and the male gaze is emphasised and plays up to the typical idea of this.
The camera shots in the scenes suggest that the male has an active role without moving, the slow zoom towards the mans face suggests that we are seeing things through his eyes, we see that by doing this the female is the one that has to please the male, after the slow zoom to the males face, the get an extreme close up of the mans eyes, this allows us as an audience to get the idea of who's eyes we are seeing through whist watching the cheerleading routine, this allows the audience to feeling like they are physically seeing the routine through his eyes. After this the camera reverse and has a slow zoom towards the girl, this then allows us to engage with the man as this is what he is seeing, and all focus becomes on one person.  Once the camera is fully focused on the girl and we are seeing her through his eyes, we see a slow camera tilt and is a fragmentation of the girls body, during this part of the film, we do not see the male dancing or becoming as a sexual object, we only see his face, whereas with the girl we see the camera tilting in a slow moving way, this gives the element that the camera is caressing her body. Another camera shot used in this film is the long-shot that is used as a to show that in his eyes, he is the one the girl is dancing for and no one is there, this shows the idea of the male gaze as it suggests that the girl is aware that she is dancing in a sexual manner just to please the male. We show a strong element of the male gaze here as we see that the male is represented as the most important figure in the film.  By doing these types of camera angles it suggests that all males should feel the need to look and presume women will play up to the stereotype of the male gaze, it also makes women feel obliged to act in a sexual manner, and please males by the clothing that they wear.

The lighting in the clip once the camera has zoomed in on the girl, shows the ligthing focused becomes high key around her and everyone else around her is in low-key lighting so an unable to be seen or focused on, the use of this type of spotlight lighting shows a focus to the person that the male is staring at, the use of this lighting also separates her from the rest of the cheerleaders giving her the element that she is superior. The use of the lighten int he long shot is also created by spot-light lighting, the use of this shows that he is important as the main focus, it also gives the element that he is the only one he is dancing for, and by highlighting him with no one else around him, it shows his importance and dominance over the woman.

The characters in this film...

Dominant Ideology

Opening to CSI - Tv Program;

In this program it represents a strong ideology that men and women are equals, as all the characters shown to the viewer are all intelligent and have a good position in the job they are doing, we see that in the program that she is just as dominant as the male as she has an active role in the case, this creates the illusion that both men and women are equal in real life in this form of job. By showing this as equals it encourages the audience to believe the idea of the two sexes being equal. This is also very patriotic to Americans have strong american accents, this makes the target viewers of the american public feel safe, as all the places shown are set in america, to makes them feel like it does not take a lot to solve the case and gives a false sense of security that all cases will be solved in this manner.

The Opening to the TV show also shows that women are more vulnerable in the program, as we discover that all the dead bodies that are being found are all women, this gives us the idea that the young women are easily lead into situations that could be potentially dangerous, as no males are found we see that men are presented as violent in the opening as the main target is the women. Another ideology represented is that 'women are more emotional than men' - we see this is shown in the part of the flashback, only a woman is presented as emotional.

Analysing 'The place beyond the pines'

During this film trailer the first thing we see is a man who has six-pack, we see that all males are represented to be masculine and have to have a six-pack to look appealing to women, the use of this close up of the mans six-pack would be mainly for the female gaze, this pleases women and leads them to a false sense that all men should have this quality.

As the trailer carries on we see that men are made out to take on manly roles and jobs, they are represented to be the dominant sex as people make a path for them when they are walking, the power of riding motorbikes and leather jackets also gives them a sense of power, this suggests that all men should have a job that is dangerous and is physically demanding, this them an ideology that all men have to take on a job as a masculine roll.

in this trailer, the women are presented as the ones that seem to the the main provider for the family or couple, we see that the women are the ones that are at work, even if they are in low paid jobs, we see the balance between parenting and jobs are quite tough, we recognise this by the constant scenes of women clutching to their children/babies.

The parenting aspect of both men and women is strong by what we have seen in this trailer, the men in this are keen to support their children financially and feel they have the right to see there children, this suggests that behind the strong masculine figure that is portrayed is only a cover up to show that they do care about the idea of family and being committed, over the ways that are portrayed of being strong and manly.  we also see in the trailer that that the women are all shown as a typical motherly figure, are fit in with the stereotype.

Sleepy Hollow Analysis

The genre of this film is quickly recognised as a horror film, we soon can identify this by the use of the miss-en-scene, we see that everything is all very dark and there is low key lighting available to the audience from candles and fire, which as represent the element of danger. it also gives us the idea that this film is a horror film by the use of the the lightening which occurs on a regular basis, this also give a sense of fear and danger to the vier as stereotypically in most horror film when lightening strikes something bad is about to happen.

Another element that suggests that this film is in the horror gender is the style of music that has been used within the scene, the non-digetic music itself is tension building as it gradually gets louder, the music crescendos as the lightening hits the villains face, this is good use of non-digetic sound as we have a sense of fear when this happens. 

the camera angles which are used are also very important to give the element that the film is a horror genre, we see low camera angles which look up at the villain, this shows her power and dominance over the rest of the people in the film. We also see Long shots within the scene as its shows us where the people are and the dark graveyard setting and misty forrest suggests the typical scenes from a horror, this allows the audience to have the sense of worry and the scenes are taking place in dark places where death is usually common. 

Skyfall and Casino Royale

Skyfall;

During the scene we viewed in sky fall, it suggests a strong connection to Todorov's equilibrium theory, we see this as in the scene first there is disruption, as the scene gradually progresses, we see that James Bond is trying to solve the situation  as we get towards the very end of the scene we see that he solves the problem and restores the equilibrium, even though we have sense of worry that not all problems are solved. 

During Skyfall, we also see that Propp's theory is put into place about characters has been put into place with James Bond being the hero within the scene as he is trying to save the girls life, we recognise that he is the hero by his actions, as he is quick to respond to the shooting, his clothing also allows us to identify that he is the hero within the scene, the tuxedo what he is wearing suggests his importance. Another things that makes us define him as a hero within this scene is that the non-diegetic music at the end is heroic and the theme tune to the James Bond Sequels. 

We also recognise that Silva is a villain by the way he has treated the girl, we see that by forcing James Bond to shoot the glass off her head suggest that he wants to injure the girl in some way, we can also tell this by the way the camera angles are mainly full body shots of the way that he is pacing around, this shows that he is in control, this camera angle also allows us to see his body language as he is talking to people. 
The mise-en-scene within this clip is in a secluded area which suggests danger, this also back up Propp's theory of set characters, as we gain a sense of security that even though we are set in a secluded area, James bond will save they day. The clothing that James Bond is wearing, the all famous tuxedo, suggests his importance which also shows the idea of him being a hero.

Casino Royale;